Frozen in place: Where does real estate fit in a frozen plan's investment program?
Over the past 20 years, a large part of corporate America has moved away from offering defined-benefit pension plans, and defined-contribution arrangements have become the norm. But the closure of a defined-benefit plan is not the end: The plan must keep operating for as long as there are participants still alive and benefits still to be paid. Thus, a new category of major institutional investor has come into being: the frozen pension plan.