The following article is the fourth of several excerpts that will appear in i3 from U.K. Infrastructure Investment and Finance from a European and Global Perspective. The report with footnotes and references is available at www.georginderst.com or the SSRN https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2972704. This study provides an overview of the financing of infrastructure investment in the United Kingdom in a European, global and historical context. The fourth excerpt from the report focuses on public-private partnerships in U.K. infrastructure.

Public-private partnerships have become increasingly relevant for public infrastructure investment, as an alternative to spending by the governments or private-sector infrastructure companies. The United Kingdom and Australia were early adopters of P3s in the 1990s, with P3s accounting for ar